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第28部分(第2页)

例句 1。 The nomadic and daring settlers kept pushing westward beyond the fringes of settlement in search of new homes。 勇敢的游牧者们继续向西前进,越过了居住地的边界以寻找新的家园。

2。 The plant has spread rapidly; so mudflats with marshy fringes were changed into extensive salt meadows and the number and kinds of birds and animals living in the marsh was reduced。 植物生长得非常迅速,使沼泽边缘的湿地都变成了广阔的盐土草地,因而生长在湿地中的鸟类和动物的数量和品种都有所减少。

frozen[frouzn]a。 冻结的

例句 1。 There is very little evidence of liquid water on Mars; and there was only frozen water beneath the planets surface。 几乎没有证据表明火星上存在液态的水,只有火星地表下面存在凝结的水。

2。 The mammoths soft parts; including skin; hair; and viscera were preserved in frozen soil or in the oozing tar of oil seeps。 包括猛犸象的皮肤、毛发、内脏等软组织被保存在了冻土或石油渗透时渗出的焦油中。

要点 该词是动词freeze的过去分词形式,作为形容词表示“冻结的”,除了在托福阅读中常见的frozen soil; frozen ground等搭配以外,frozen food“冷冻食品”这个搭配也很常见。

fuel[fju:?l]n。 燃料;刺激因素 v。 给…加燃料;激起;推动

例句 1。 Firewood is the major fuel used for cooking and heating in many countries。 在许多国家,柴火是用来做饭和取暖的主要燃料。

2。 Although this“atmospheric engine”embodied revolutionary principles; it was so slow and wasteful of fuel that it could not be employed outside the coal mines for which it had been designed。 尽管“大气发动机”呈现出革命性的工作原理,但它却很慢,而且浪费燃料,因此无法依照它所设计的初衷在煤矿以外的地方使用。

3。 The extinctions at the end of the Cretaceous and the high concentration of Ir found in deposited clay have fueled the development of a new hypothesis。 白垩纪晚期的灭绝和沉积的岩石中发现的高浓度铱元素推动了一个新假说的发展。

要点 fuel在托福考试的阅读文章中,通常以名词形式出现,但fuel也可以用作动词,表示“推动,为…添加动力”,如:fuel the development of a new hypothesis。

furnace[f?:rnis]n。 火炉,熔炉;暖气锅炉

搭配 blast furnace 鼓风炉

例句 While American iron makers developed the latest furnaces; African iron makers were still using earlier techniques。 当美国的铁匠制造出最新的火炉时,非洲的铁匠们仍在使用早期的技术。

同义 oven; kiln(n。 火炉,熔炉)

fuse[fju:z]v。 熔合;熔化 n。 保险丝;导火线

例句 The resulting mass was further heated to fuse the mass into potash。 生成物被进一步加热,以熔合从而生成碳酸钾。

同义 mix; melt(v。 熔合);bine(v。 合并)

harsh[hɑ:r?]a。 刺耳的;粗糙的;恶劣的

例句 1。 The camels abilities to live in harsh desert conditions and to carry large loads made it an effective and efficient means of transportation。 骆驼能在恶劣的沙漠环境中生存,并能承载沉重货物,这样的能力使它们成为一种高效的运输方式。

2。 In this case; iron offers less resistance to fire and harsh weather than other materials。 在这种情况下,铁在抵抗火和严酷天气方面不如其他材料。

同义 severe(a。 恶劣的);raspy(a。 刺耳的)

herbicide[?:rbisaid]n。 除草剂

例句 To control the development of the Spartina; there are various methods; such as burning; flooding; shading plants with black canvas or plastic; smothering the plants with dredged materials or clay; applying herbicide; and mowing repeatedly。 有许多种方法可以控制米草属植物的生长,比如焚烧、水淹、用黑色帆布或塑料布遮挡、用疏浚材料或黏土使其窒息、喷洒除草剂,以及反复修剪等。

horn[h?:rn]n。(牛、羊等的)角;喇叭;警报器

例句 Because of the natural weapons like horns; hunters avoided deer and reindeer。 因为鹿和驯鹿拥有犄角这一天然武器,因此捕猎者会躲避它们。

同义 trumpet(n。 号角;喇叭)

horticulture[h?:rtik?l??r]n。 园艺,园艺学

例句 Because the Dutch specialized in dairy farming; industrial crops; and horticulture; the country was more productive than some other regions in Europe。 由于荷兰人专注于乳品业、经济作物种植和园艺,所以这个国家比欧洲其他地区更多产。

household[haushould]n。 家庭,全家人 a。 家庭的;家喻户晓的

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